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Sludge thermochemical treatment
An introduction to sludge thermochemical treatment methods
Thermochemical processes
Thermochemical methods are employed for either significantly reducing the sludge solids content, or pre-treating sludge upstream of anaerobic digestion (AD) to increase the biodegradability of the organic carbon. When operated at elevated temperatures, i.e. for solids destruction rather than for AD pre-treatment, they provide energy recoverable either as heat (for oxidative processes) or a combustible gas or liquid (non-oxidative processes).
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Sludge thermochemical treatment − an overview
Thermochemical methods are used for either degrading the sludge solids or pre-treating sludge upstream of anaerobic digestion
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Sludge thermochemical reactor design configurations
Various reactor configurations exist for sludge thermochemical treatment which vary in design, operation and application
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Oxidative thermochemical treatment
An introduction to oxidative sludge thermochemical treatment methods
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Incineration of sludge
Incineration is the most well established and widely implemented of the sludge thermochemical treatment processes
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Wet (air) oxidation of sludge
Wet/wet air oxidation of sludge is the thermal degradation, hydrolysis and oxidation of organics at high temperatures
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Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) of sludge
Supercritical water oxidation refers to the oxidation of organics in water in the so-called supercritical phase of water
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Non-oxidative thermochemical treatment
An introduction to non-oxidative sludge thermochemical treatment methods
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Sludge treatment − pyrolysis
Pyrolysis refers to the decomposition of organic matter at elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen and water
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Sludge treatment − gasification
Gasification is an extension of the pyrolysis process for thermochemical treatment of sludge
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Sludge treatment − hydrothermal processes
Hydrothermal sludge treatment employs elevated temperatures and pressures in wet conditions and in the absence of oxygen
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Thermochemical processes features and blogs
Feature
Co-processing of sewage digestate by hydrothermal carbonisation
Hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) can be used to co-process anaerobic digestion (AD) digestate and lignocellulosic (or plant-based) feedstocks to improve the the hydrochar product quality. This AD waste co-processing route has been studied at bench scale. Read article
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Thermal destruction - oxidative
Oxidative methods for sludge thermal treatment comprise incineration, wet air oxidation and supercritical water oxidation
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Thermal destruction - non-oxidative
Non-oxidative thermochemical treatment of sewage sludge refers to treatment at elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen
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Thermal destruction - oxidative
Oxidative methods for sludge thermal treatment comprise incineration, wet air oxidation and supercritical water oxidation
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Thermal destruction - non-oxidative
Non-oxidative thermochemical treatment of sewage sludge refers to treatment at elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen
More process and operation topics…
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Thickening, dewatering & drying
Thickening, dewatering and drying extract water from sludge to reduce the sludge volume
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Sludge stabilisation
Sludge stabilisation − alkaline stabilisation, lime and solids dosing, plus anaerobic and aerobic digestion
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Sludge quality
Sludge is the main waste stream from the treatment of wastewater