Screw press SP
Sludge dewatering technology based on conveying sludge along the length of a cylindrical screen using an Archimedean screw
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Having problems with our terms and abbreviations? Use Ctrl+F to search our list of glossary items below. Contact us if you find a sludge abbreviation or glossary term you think it would be useful to add.
Screw press SP
Sludge dewatering technology based on conveying sludge along the length of a cylindrical screen using an Archimedean screw
SCWG
SCWO
SDB
Septicity
Decay and putrefaction under anaerobic (i.e. oxygen-depleted) conditions
Settling velocity
The velocity of a particle settling in water under gravity
Severity factor
Factor expressing the rate of increase and intensity of heat
Shear rate
Rate of imposed shear, the force associated with water flowing parallel to the particle or floc surface
Slow pyrolysis
Non-oxidative thermochemical treatment employing low heating rates and moderate temperatures favouring bio-char as the main product
SLR
Sludge drying
Removal of water from sludge by evaporation at elevated temperatures
Sludge stabilisation
Reduction of odour, putrescence (i.e. decay) and pathogenic organism content of sewage sludge
Solar dryers
Equipment for removing water from sludge through its evaporation at elevated temperatures
Solar drying bed SDB
Sludge drying bed housed in a glass-based structure to allow control of the drying atmosphere
Solid bowl centrifuge
Centrifuge based on a rotating horizontal cylinder with a conical end where the sludge cake exits
Solids loading rate SLR
Amount of solids fed into the reactor per volume per unit time
Solids mass concentration
Percentage solids content or mass of solids per unit volume of sludge
Solids reduction
Reduction of solids content of sludge through its decomposition to thermal products
Solids retention time SRT
Period of time the solids are retained in the reactor
Solubilisation
Dissolving of matter in water
SP
Specific resistance
Hydraulic resistance of the cake formed from sludge solids to the passage of water through it
Specific resistance to filtration SRF
Measure of hydraulic resistance
SRF
SRT
Stabilisation
See 'Sludge stabilisation'
Sticky phase
Phase of the drying cycle where the sludge becomes sticky and challenging to manipulate
Supercritical region
Region of the water temperature:pressure phase diagram above 218 bar pressure and 374 °C temperature in which water exists as a supercritical fluid or plasma
Supercritical water gasification SCWG
Another term for 'hydrothermal gasification'
Supercritical water oxidation SCWO
Oxidation taking place in the supercritical region of the temperature:pressure water phase diagram (above 218 bar pressure and 374 °C temperature)
Supernatant
Diluted (water) upper layer produced when solids settle
Surface water
Water associated with solid particles and bound to their surfaces by hydrogen bonding
Syngas
Primary product of hydrothermal gasification (HTG), containing gaseous hydrogen and carbon monoxide as the primary constituents
Synotrophy
A biochemical symbiotic relationship
This page was last updated on 23 April 2021
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