Fast pyrolysis
Non-oxidative thermochemical treatment employing rapid heating rates and high temperatures favouring bio-oil as the main product
Glossary (F)
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FBR
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Ferric
Iron (III) (iron having an oxidition state of +3)
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Filamentous bacteria
Long, string-like bacteria such as nocardia or microthrix often associated with foam formation
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Filter press FP
Sludge dewatering technology based on removing water under pressure by pressing sludge between a parallel series of porous plates
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Filterability
Extent of filtration of water through sludge solids
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Filtrate
Treated water exiting a filter
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Flash dryer
Convective dryer operating with a very short residence time using a jet of fast-moving, upward-flowing air or steam
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Floc water
Water held within flocs
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Flocculant
Organic polyelectrolyte (polymer) used to carry out flocculation
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Flocculation
Aggregation or agglomeration of suspended solids to form larger particles (aggregates or flocs) through destabilisation of the particles using organic polyelectrolytes
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Flocs
Aggregates of solid particles formed in the activated sludge process
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Flotation thickening FT
Sludge consolidation by encouraging particles to float and removing the clarified water
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Flue gas
Mixture of waste gas products generated from incineration processes
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Fluidised bed dryer
Type of convective dryer based on media (normally sand) fluidised by upward flowing hot air
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Fluidised bed reactor FBR
Reactor configuration based on media fluidised by upward flowing gas or liquid
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Fly ash
Particulate fraction of flue gas (the gaseous waste stream) from an incineration process
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Free water
Water fraction in sludge which is unassociated with the floc solids and can be largely removed by mechanical dewatering
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Freeboard
Region above a reactor bed which allows for expansion of the bed when it is fluidised by a stream of upward flowing gas or liquid
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Front end loader
Tractor with large, hinged bucket mounted on the front at the end of a pair of jointed arms
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